The Chinese term for Acupuncture is "Zhen", meaning to prick with pointed object. Acupuncture is a European term invented by a Dutch physician, Willem Ten Rhyen. Historically needles were made up of stones, bones, bamboo, pottery material, and metals. The earliest Chinese record on acupuncture is the Nei Ching (Classic of Internal Medicine, about 2,600 BC). In India the work of Ayurvedic surgeon Sushruta (7th Century, BC) has details about the body points, which in Sanskrit are called Marma Sthalas (Points), meaning "delicate spot". Massage and pressure on these spots brings healing.
Acupuncture evolved in China and travelled to other oriental countries. It was well-developed in North India and in Sri Lanka before the Christian Era. The Western world became acquainted with acupuncture in the 17th century when it was discovered by missionaries living in China, who then brought it to the West. Today acupuncture is practised all over the world.
Ancient Chinese healers through their observations, discovered that there is a connection between body surface points and internal organs. These points become tender and sensitive in disorders. Acupuncturists believe that these points are located on invisible pathways called meridians, or channels, which run all over the body. There are 14 main meridians and about 365 points. However, non-meridian points were also discovered by the Chinese. Later discoveries have found that the hands, feet, ears, and the face also represent the whole body. Acupuncture on these parts produces healing, as well. However, the ear (Auricular) acupuncture has been studied extensively and is very effective.
Master Tong's Acupuncture: Master Tong developed its style of acupuncture in Taiwan in early 20th century. His style found hundreds of points that are different than traditional Chinese on the different parts of body. His point are not programmed on the channels. They are individualized points scattered all over the body. His points also follow homologous theory of body organs.